REMARKS BY H.E. MAJ. GEN CHARLES TAI GITUAI INTERIM CHAIRPERSON RECONSTITUTED JOINT MONITORING AND EVALUATION COMMISSION PRESENTED AT THE RJMEC JOINT NTC AND SECURITY MECHANISMS SEMINAR, JUBA, SOUTH SUDAN
Honourable Minsters;
Ambassadors and Representatives of the Diplomatic Community;
Distinguished participants of the National Transitional Committee and the Security Mechanisms;
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning.
1. It is my pleasure to welcome you all to this Seminar this morning. We at RJMEC decided to organise this Seminar in accordance with our mandate chapter 7 article 7.6 where it states that inter alia ... “in case of non-implementation of the mandate and tasks of the RTGoNU, or other deficiencies, the RJMEC shall recommend appropriate corrective action to the RTGoNU.” Therefore as peace monitors and evaluators we are obligated to oversee the implementation of the Agreement within the agreed timelines and implementation schedule.
2. Consequently, RJMEC decided to conduct this one-day seminar, following our assessment and evaluation, from the beginning of the Transitional Period and up to now, we have observed that there has been a significant decline in the pace of implementation of the Permanent Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements (PCTSA) as envisaged in Chapter Two of the Agreement. This being a critical Chapter in the overall success of the implementation of the Peace process, raises concerns, as its failure would no doubt threat the security situation in the country and undermine the nation's hope for enduring peace in South Sudan.
3. Permanent Ceasefire and the Transitional Security Arrangements (PCTSA) are a fundamental building block of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). The success of the implementation of Chapter Two will create the foundation upon which security of all other chapters will operate; and it is an assurance of a stable nation, as Unified Forces signifies the National Unity and a symbol of nationhood, where security forces are loyal to the Constitution and to the country with one Commander in Chief who is also the Head of State.
4. However, RJMEC, as monitors and evaluators of the peace process, we have clearly seen that the training of the National Unified Forces has stalled. As we witnessed for ourselves on Saturday 23 January 2021 at both Maridi and Rajaf training centres when RJMEC conducted a joint field visit with the IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan and the head of the African Union Mission in South Sudan, the IGAD Ambassadors and C5 African Ambassadors, and also including other areas that RJMEC have visited in different occasions like Mapel and others.
5. RJMEC’s assessment has come up with three areas that are of critical concern and will be the basis of our discussion today among others. These areas are:
a) Failure of cantonment;
b) Stalling of NUF Training, graduation and redeployment; and
c) Defections/Changes of Allegiance.
6. During the previous visits to the training areas, the soldier’s expectations of graduation and deployment was very high as well as their morale, as they foresaw a new dawn in their military careers. Now there are reports of morale reaching low levels in the poorly supplied Cantonment sites, and reports of trainees abandoning poorly supplied training centres in search of food. To date no graduation or redeployment plans have been published. Problems of diseases and lack of medicine and many other problems which no doubt, we will hear more about during the course of this Seminar.
7. Other reports indicate an increase in defections / changes of allegiance amongst some commanders and their troops which undermines the unification process. RJMEC has made its position very clear on defections or changes of allegiance in many other occasions and has previously stated that “the Revitalised Peace Agreement in South Sudan has made commendable progress in the past two years since its signing and this must not be allowed to weaken because of instability caused by defections or accepting defections, which is contrary to the letter and spirit of the Agreement.”
8. The aim of this Seminar therefore, is to determine the status of the PCTSA, the current and future challenges, to set priorities and to agree on solutions and proposals to keep the Permanent Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements on track. I am hopeful that there will be full participation and open contributions from everyone present and we look forward to the briefings and reports from the NTC, the Security Mechanisms and the DDR Commission to enable us to take proper stock.
9. Next month marks one year of the formation of RTGoNU, other chapters have progressed, however slowly, but chapter two seems to be the slowest yet as military we should have led the way with others to follow as our mantra! This year, in July, marks ten years of independence, it is our hope that a strong push from all of us here and South Sudan’s political leaders will go a long way to ensuring that 11 July 2021, will see a celebration of progress in the implementation of the peace agreement.
I thank you.
The Permanent Ceasefire and the Transitional Security Arrangements (PCTSA) are a fundamental building block of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). Its full and timely implementation is intended to underpin a stable future for the people and country of South Sudan, and it is a key part of avoiding repetition of past mistakes, and achieving a united, peaceful and prosperous society throughout the country.
On Saturday 23 January 2021, almost one year into the Transitional Period, we, the IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan, the representatives of Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Nigeria and the African Union Mission in South Sudan, undertook a field visit to Maridi, Western Equatoria, and Rajaf, Central Equatoria. The objective of the mission, which was organised by the Interim Chair of RJMEC, was to see for ourselves the status and conditions of the training centres, which is where troops for the Necessary Unified Forces (NUF) are trained. Establishing the NUF is the first phase of establishing an overall unified army of South Sudan.
Unfortunately, since the beginning of the Transitional Period in particular, there has been slow progress in the pace of implementation of the PCTSA, a fact which in turn threatens the security situation, and undermines the nation's hope for peace in South Sudan. Clearly, the training of the NUF has stalled, as we witnessed on 23 January 2021 at both Maridi and Rajaf training centres.
It is disheartening to note that a lack of food and other essential resources, such as medicines, shelter and separate facilities for women, has led to suffering of the trainees, and to some trainees abandoning the training centres. Unsurprisingly, morale in the training centres has significantly declined. We understand that a similar situation exists in cantonment sites.
Furthermore, no NUF graduation or redeployment plans have been published to date by the Ministry of Defence or the Security Mechanisms. Based on these facts we think that the process of the unification of forces is not going in the right direction as envisaged in the R-ARCSS.
We firmly believe that the full implementation of the PCTSA is the best way to help ensure stability across South Sudan. We look to the government, and in particular the Presidency, to drive the PCTSA forward, and to engender the political will necessary across all implementing Agreement institutions and mechanisms to make up for lost time and implement the PCTSA fully in letter and spirit.
Accordingly, we have two recommendations which we hope will help to improve the situation in the near-term. They are:
1. Improve conditions in Training Centres by providing adequate food and other essential supplies; and
2. Accelerate the graduation of the NUF and publish their redeployment plan.
We believe that the successful implementation of PCTSA is a guarantee to a permanent foundation of enduring peace in the South Sudan. Protracted delays and passing of time without progress is detrimental to the overall situation in South Sudan. It is high time for positive willpower and an attitude of collaboration, respect and problem-solving, which can overcome impasses. Nothing durable is built without effort and hard work, which as we know requires cooperation, consensus, coordination, concession, compromise and sacrifice to ensure success in the peace process. Increased confidence-building among the Parties will underpin these key elements.
We are all signatories to the R-ARCSS. We look forward to the Presidency of South Sudan to give the PCTSA the full attention it merits because the stability of the country is the clearest and nearest path to prosperity for all South Sudanese people. As in the past, our countries stand ready to assist our brothers and sisters of South Sudan to achieve lasting and enduring peace. Later this year, on 9 July 2021, South Sudan will reach the milestone of ten years of independence, and there can be no better way to celebrate this than significant progress in the implementation of the R-ARCSS, including with the PCTSA.
Sincerely, we the undersigned.
Ambassador Professor Joram Biswaro, Head of African Union Mission in South Sudan
Ambassador Ismail Waiss, IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan
Ambassador Hussein Mahamud, Ambassador, Embassy of Somalia
Mr Gamal A.M. Goraish, Chargé D'Affaires, Embassy of Sudan
Mr Ali Mambo, Counselor, Embassy of Kenya
Mr Alemayehu Chasa, Defence Attaché, Embassy of Ethiopia
Mr Judah Ugochukwu, Political Officer, Embassy of Nigeria
Major General Charles Tai Gituai, Interim Chairperson of RJMEC
End of Year Statement to the RJMEC Members, By H.E. Maj. Gen. Charles Tai Gituai
Interim Chairperson of the Reconstituted Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission. 15 December 2020 Juba, South Sudan
Excellencies, Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
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As a challenging year draws to a close, it is an opportunity to reflect not only on where we have been, but where we are going with respect to the implementation of the Revitalised Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). This year 2020, started with some moderate progress. On 15 February 2020, the issue of the number of states and their boundaries was resolved with a decision by H.E. Salva Kiir Mayardit, President of the Republic of South Sudan, to revert the country to ten states. This welcome compromise paved the way for the formation of the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU) on 22 February and the establishment of the Council of Ministers on 17 March 2020.
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However, since that time, real progress in implementation of the Revitalised Peace Agreement has been dispiritingly slow. Notwithstanding the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the full implementation of the Peace Agreement remains the single most important aspiration of the people of South Sudan. I therefore urge all the Parties, stakeholders, all partners, friends and the people of South Sudan, not to lose sight of this goal. The implementation of the R- ARCSS is important to lay a firm foundation for the conduct of democratic elections at the end of the Transitional Period.
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Onseveraloccasions,Ihaveurgedforthepaceofimplementationtoincrease, but this has not happened, and much of the same issues are still outstanding even as 2020 draws to a close. I will therefore set out my expectations for the coming year 2021, which I hope all Parties and partners in the Peace Agreement will approach with renewed vigour and determination. The achievement of the outstanding tasks will set the foundation for trust building, and confidence, which will contribute to sustainable peace in South Sudan.
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On the issue of governance arrangements, it is important that the matter of the appointment of the governor of Upper Nile State is resolved in the earliest time possible, given that it is long overdue. However, I am encouraged to learn that last week, the Presidency met and discussed the matter in an effort to find a solution. The other key outstanding governance tasks include the reconstitution of the Transitional National Legislative Assembly (TNLA) and the Council of States – two critical legislative institutions of government.
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Under Article 1.18.1.4 the National Constitutional Amendment Committee (NCAC) is mandated to receive a list of nominees of respective parties relating to the appointment of members to the reconstituted TNLA. All Parties that have not yet submitted their list of nominees to the NCAC should do so without any further delay. Establishing and staffing the entire structures of the RTGoNU and making them operational will enhance the normal functioning of government at all levels. I would also like to urge the Parties to observe the35% level of women’s representation throughout the establishmentand reconstitution of Government structures.
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On the issue of transitional security arrangements, critical tasks, which were carried forward from the Pre-Transitional Period remain incomplete. It is important to fast track and complete the training, graduation and redeployment of the Necessary Unified Forces (NUF) under Phase I and also to expedite Phase II. I expect that the recent senior military leadership training conducted in Nairobi, by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) in collaboration with RJMEC, will help the Parties to address the issue of unified command.
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Equally important to the security arrangements is the implementation of a well-coordinated Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration (DDR) process. In all cases, the RTGoNU must allocate the necessary funding and resources. It is also imperative that the Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) Board complete a review of the security policy framework and develop a white paper on defence and security. These will underpin reforms in the security sector in the country. Furthermore, I hope and expect that the Rome Process will contribute to a reduction in the levels and incidents of violence, attributed in part to the activities of the hold-out groups, particularly in the Greater Equatoria Region. Defections, especially of military personnel amongst the peace partners is completely unacceptable and contrary to the letter and spirit of the Agreement and must not be encouraged.
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On the issue of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV), I am encouraged by the recent steps taken to curb it, including SGBV training to the forces and the operationalisation of dedicated SGBV courts. These efforts must be further strengthened in 2021.
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10.On humanitarian assistance and reconstruction, I express appreciation for assistance given by all stakeholders and urge for continued support. It is important that all stakeholders adhere to the agreed principles for humanitarian assistance and reconstruction set out in Chapter III of the R- ARCSS. In this regard, I call for unrestricted access for humanitarian aid workers, removal of bureaucratic impediments, and continued efforts to address community-based and sub-national violence. In addition, there is urgent need to implement the National framework for return, reintegration and relocation of refugees and internally displaced persons. It is also important to immediately establish the Special Reconstruction Fund to pave way for the convening of the Donor Pledging Conference that will raise funds to support the implementation of the Agreement.
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11.On the Economy, a lot of work still remains to be done including the need to establish the Economic and Finance Management Authority (EFMA). I welcome the commitment expressed by the Minister of Finance to align the R- ARCSS to the National Development Strategy 2018-2021. I look forward to the completion of this process, which will also clarify the financing needs of the implementation of the Agreement. I also take note of the progress being made in areas of Public Financial Management reforms in cooperation with development partners and encourage further reforms in this direction. In view of the above, I welcome the progress made by the NCAC on reviewing and amending the Public Financial Management Act and the Audit Chamber Act and I look forward to these bills becoming laws to enhance transparency and accountability .
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12.With regard to the need for transitional justice, accountability, reconciliation and healing, there is need to immediately begin public consultations and make progress in establishment of the mechanisms as provided for under Chapter V of the Agreement. The participation of all stakeholders and civil society in this process will be critical and the RTGoNU should fully cooperate with the African Union Commission to expedite the establishment of the Hybrid Court for South Sudan.
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13.With regard to the making of a permanent constitution, as provided for under Chapter 6 of the R-ARCSS, I am encouraged to see that consultations towards the convening of the workshop for the parties to agree on the details for the constitutional-making process have begun. I call upon all parties to engage constructively and agree on a roadmap that will make the constitution-making process inclusive and participatory, within the timeline and parameters envisaged by the R-ARCSS.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
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14. Let us use this Christmas season as a period of reflection. May we all recommit ourselves to the pursuit of peace and return in the new year refreshed and ready to go the extra mile. I take this opportunity to thank all RJMEC members for the cooperation exhibited in what has been a very challenging time. I also extend our commendation to the leadership of the RTGoNU and the people of South Sudan for staying the course of peace. I wish you all good health and look forward to working closely together for more progress in the year ahead. Merry Christmas and a peaceful New Year 2021.
Thank you.
Honourable Minsters,
Excellencies, Ambassadors and Representatives of the Diplomatic Community,
Distinguished participants of the conference,
Ladies and Gentlemen
Good morning.
1. I send you greetings from the interim Chairperson of RJMEC, Major General Charles Tai Gituai, who regrets he cannot be here today. It is therefore my honour to present the following statement on his behalf.
2.At the outset, I would like to take this early moment to thank H.E. Salva Kiir Mayardit, President of the Republic of South Sudan, for steering the peace process to this point so far. From the time of the High-Level Revitalisation Forum to the signing of the Revitalised Peace Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS) in September 2018, to the establishment of the Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity (RTGoNU) in February 2020, his leadership has been evident. The President’s decision to revert the country to ten states in February this year was a historic decision which allowed the formation of RTGoNU on a solid foundation. Furthermore, all the Parties to the R-ARCSS have played their part in this success, just like the people of South Sudan who have stood alongside their leaders in the demand for sustainable peace and the full implementation of the Agreement.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
3. This National Dialogue conference is a part of the concerted efforts towards finding solutions for the sustainable peace in this country. We must therefore all agree that the inclusion and recognition of the voices of the diverse peoples of South Sudan is of utmost importance to the peaceful future of this country.
4.The R-ARCSS has already achieved some tangible peace dividends which must be consolidated, delays and challenges notwithstanding. Therefore, all the Parties to the agreement should seize the opportunity to continuously dialogue amongst themselves and with the people of South Sudan on how to address recurring challenges, implement all its provisions and put this country firmly and irrevocably on the path of sustainable peace and development. This is why the ability to reach and to listen to the grassroots is such an important achievement, and I hope that this conference will reveal much about how to do that.
5. As we continue to implement the Agreement in this Transitional Period, we should appreciate just how the voices of the entire spectrum of South Sudanese society are so important and critical in the implementation. Chapter 5 on Transitional Justice, is essential to atone for crimes committed during the dark days of conflict - the “untold human suffering” that the agreement acknowledges. In this regard, expeditious establishment of the three Transitional Justice institutions will be a great leap forward and RTGoNU support on this matter is critical. Already the African Union has commenced towards the establishment of the Hybrid Court of South Sudan.
6. Furthermore, Chapter 6 of the Agreement on establishing the Permanent Constitution is vital, as it will lay a critical fundamental foundation for enduring peace in South Sudan. The Preamble of the Revitalised Peace Agreement duly recognises that the Parties to the Agreement are “determined to compensate our people by recommitting ourselves to peace and constitutionalism and not to repeat mistakes of the past.” Therefore, ensuring that the Permanent Constitution is a true reflection of all South Sudan’s peoples’ views of which is of paramount importance.
7. When the Constitution-making process is fully underway, reaching communities at grass-root level and understanding the perspectives of all peoples of South Sudan, irrespective of their backgrounds or political beliefs and affiliations, will be a critical ingredient in establishing the solid foundation that Chapter 6 intends to lay. The RJMEC Secretariat will shortly be convening a workshop to push this process along, as per Article 6.7 of the R-ARCSS. In addition, a comparative study on post-conflict constitution-making processes has been conducted to inform this process, and copies are available on the RJMEC website.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
8. In closing, I would like to say that the vision of the Revitalised Peace Agreement – to lay “the foundation for a united, peaceful and prosperous society based on justice, equality, respect for human rights and the rule of law”– is truly laudable. I urge the National Dialogue to support the achievement of this goal through whatever ways they can, not least in the sharing of their knowledge and experience they have gained in their work. Their recommendations at the end of this conference will be of particular interest and it is RJMEC’S hope that those recommendations will bond well with the R-ARCSS. I wish all participants every success in this event.
Thank you
Your Excellency Honourable Deng Dau Deng - Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Sudan
Your Excellency Dr. Workneh Gebeyehu – IGAD Executive Secretary
Your Excellency Gamal Goraish – Representative of the Chairperson of IGAD Your Excellency Dr. Ismail Wais – IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan
Your Excellency Guang Cong – UNMISS DSRSG
Excellencies Ambassadors
Excellency Amb. Lt. Gen. Augostino S.K. Njoroge
Excellencies Representatives of the Parties
Stakeholders of the Peace Agreement
Maj. Gen. Teshome Gemechu Adere – CTSAMVM Chairperson Distinguished Guests
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen
I would like to start by offering my thanks to H.E. the President of the Republic of South Sudan, H.E. Salva Kiir Mayardit and the Government of South Sudan for the very warm welcome and reception I have so far received in this country. I also wish to take this very early opportunity to thank H.E. President Uhuru Kenyatta for bestowing special trust and confidence in me by nominating me for this appointment. My gratitude and thanks also, to the IGAD Heads of State and Government for endorsing me as the Interim Chair of RJMEC.
I am honoured to be taking over from an accomplished General and diplomat and I would like to sincerely thank HE Amb Gen Njoroge for the detailed briefing and guidance that I received from him, as well as the RJMEC Chief of Staff, Deputy Chief of Staff, Senior Advisers, and all staff of RJMEC in their various capacities.
I am taking over the responsibilities of the Interim Chair at a time when significant milestones have been achieved in the South Sudan peace process over the last four years due to your concerted efforts and sacrifice. It is my conviction that we have the resilience and zeal to build on this achievement and reinvigorate the implementation of the Agreement. I would like to assure you that RJMEC will continue to undertake its mandate and mission in the spirit of conviviality and a collegial atmosphere and; in this regard, I would wish to plead with all of you to provide me with the same level of support that you have been providing my predecessor.
I am coming from a military background and during my career, I was privileged to have served in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) and Somalia (AMISOM). Both countries have undergone serious political and security challenges and share some similarities with South Sudan, since they are emerging from the devastating consequences of protracted conflict. It took IGAD mediation many years to achieve its first Somalia Transitional Charter. Comparatively, it took South Sudan a few years to agree on a Transitional Government of National Unity, which is a strong testament to the traditional dialogue and reconciliation spirit of the South Sudanese people, and particularly the contributions and sacrifices of women and the youth of South Sudan during these trying moments when South Sudan was undergoing these challenges.
History is replete with instances in which nations have drawn a curtain on a dark past of cyclical conflicts and civil strife despite formidable challenges; through a spirit of consensus, cooperation and collegiality. I believe that the framework of the Revitalised Agreement, provides a credible and fair basis and platform that lays the foundations of a sustainable peace to benefit the current and succeeding generations. The successful implementation of this agreement calls for our collective sacrifice and a consensus on the best options and approaches to make this nation peaceful and prosperous.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
At the very outset, I wish to recognize the outstanding contribution of the representatives of governments, international organizations, diplomatic community and the wider stakeholders who have been unwaveringly committed and continue to engage in the challenging undertaking of bringing about a genuinely inclusive and mutually negotiated political settlement to the crisis in South Sudan.
I also wish to pay special tribute to the representatives of governments and organizations whose support predates the current Agreement and whose critical contribution marked a turning point in the history of this country from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005 which culminated in the independence of South Sudan and their subsequent support in 2015 and 2018 Agreements. Their immense contribution to the Revitalized Agreement and to RJMEC in particular, is indeed, remarkable.
I would like to point out the important roles played by our valued partners, the Troika, China, Japan, Canada, Sweden the EU, UNMSS, IGAD, AU and others. Recognizing that each of our organizations and institutions have unique expertise, instruments, and capacities, we therefore need to further integrate and harness our collective resources and potential, in order to leverage the situation in South Sudan.
As we may be aware, the peace process is undergoing a defining and testing phase, especially in light of the unprecedented COVID 19 pandemic medical emergency, the recent locust invasion, and the current raging floods which compel us to galvanize continued and sustained support.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
I wish to once again convey my gratitude to H.E President Salva Kiir Mayardit for creating an enabling environment for the Peace Process and for the significant progress registered so far. The recent positive and encouraging developments such as the appointment of state level governors, the continued holding of the Permanent Ceasefire between the Parties to the Agreement and the continued welcome compromises being made, which greatly impacts public trust and confidence; are indeed welcome as a way forward. However, more is needed as so much is to be accomplished in the Transitional Period.
On my part as the new Chair, I will endeavour to focus on giving strategic direction to the monitoring and evaluation mechanism, in overseeing the implementation of the Agreement within the procedural guidelines and mandate of RJMEC.
I commit myself to closely work with all of you and seek your guidance and support. RJMEC is committed to reach out to all stakeholders without exception and especially the wider constituency of the people of South Sudan as we jointly seek to oversee a successful implementation of the Revitalised Agreement as stipulated.
To my predecessor and mentor, I thank you for a job well done! As you walked through the sands of South Sudanese Peace Process, you have left a permanent and an indelible mark. You have earned your place in the pages of the history of this Country. I wish you every success in your future endeavours. May God Bless You, May God bless South Sudan.
I Thank You.
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Your Excellency Honourable Deng Dau Deng - Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of South Sudan
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- Your Excellency Dr. Workneh Gebeyehu – IGAD Executive Secretary
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- Your Excellency Gamal Goraish – Representative of the Chairperson of IGAD
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- Your Excellency, Dr Ismail Wais, IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan;
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- Honourable Ministers;
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- Your Excellencies, Representatives of the Parties and
stakeholders of the Revitalised Peace Agreement;
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- Mr David Shearer, SRSG and Head of UNMISS;
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- Representatives of the Diplomatic Community;
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- Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good afternoon.
1. It is my pleasure to see so many of you at this occasion, and I feel honoured for this opportunity to address you for the last time as the Interim Chairperson of RJMEC. Throughout my entire period in RJMEC, I have been fully clear of the RJMEC’s mandate of monitoring, evaluating and overseeing the implementation of the Agreement (the R-ARCSS) as well as the mandate and tasks of the RTGoNU, including the adherence of the Parties to the agreed timelines and implementation schedule.
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Looking back across the four years I have spent here with both the JMEC and RJMEC, I can see that South Sudan has come a long way since 2016 and the days of the High-Level Revitalisation Forum. The R-ARCSS, as many of you know, was signed in September 2018, and since that time, much work has been done, most recently culminating in the formation of the RTGoNU and the beginning of the Transitional Period. To have come this far is quite an achievement, and worthy of congratulations to the Parties and the people of South Sudan. The R-ARCSS is and will always remain a significant milestone in the history of South Sudan. I am glad to have been involved with such a consequential period of this country’s history.
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However, consideration of a more detailed picture shows that much more could have been achieved by now. Throughout the period since signing the Agreement, I have had concerns about the pace of implementation. At times, it appeared to me like progress stalled. What is clear, is that the implementation pace must accelerate. The establishment of the RTGoNU should have been the factor to catalyse greater and faster progress.
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The implementation matrix shows us what there is to be done and when, and the reactivated Working Committees give us the tool with which the RJMEC can monitor and assist the RTGoNU in the implementation of the Agreement. Now that it is almost six months n since the Presidency was sworn in, the RTGoNU should come up with a revised and practicable timeframe for implementation, and must nominate their representatives in the RJMEC Working Committees. We need that level of engagement from the RTGoNU.
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This is a time to address general and specific challenges. Generally, going forward, we need to see evermore leadership, political will, confidence building, and a deeply held, cross-party belief in the reality of peace and prosperity in South Sudan. All Parties holding such a belief will make that outcome much closer.
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Specifically, I’d like to highlight the issue of the unification of forces, a much-delayed task which should have been completed in the Pre-Transitional Period. By this time now, there should have been many troops who have completed their training and been redeployed as NUFs, but there are none presently ready for deployment. It is not acceptable to send troops for cantonment and training, yet not have the budget to complete the tasks. I hope that the RTGoNU will take this matter seriously, and provide the resources to NTC to finalise the redeployment of those in training.
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Of specific note is the Constitution-making process. RJMEC was ready to proceed with this matter on time, including holding the workshop as set out in the Agreement. However, we await the RTGoNU to take necessary action on their part. I therefore urge the RTGoNU to be seized of this matter.
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I am also concerned about community-based violence, and the strategy being employed to address it. Disarmament takes time, and may not be the solution in the short term. There is need for political will of the communities and those involved. Disputes should be resolved by dialogue and not violence, while restraint from all those fighting is needed. It is for the elders to control the youth: they must guide the young, and provide the wisdom needed. The civil population of the country should be farmers, tradespeople, engineers, doctors, lawyers, all building the future together. Bearing weapons should be the job of a soldier, not civilians.
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On all the general and specific challenges: yes, COVID-19 is a major factor, but making progress is nevertheless possible. Don’t let COVID-19 be an excuse for everything undone. That said, I am glad about the recent progress made with responsibility sharing at State level. It is my hope that this will shortly lead to the reconstitution of the Transitional National Legislative Assembly and the Council of States.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen
10. I must of course give thanks and extend my heartfelt appreciation to so many who have supported me in the four challenging years of RJMEC leadership. I am happy with what has been achieved so far, but I would have been even happier had the implementation of the R-ARCSS been more advanced than it is now.
11. Firstly, allow me to extend my gratitude to H.E. Salva Kiir Mayardit, the President of the Republic of South Sudan. His guidance both before and after the signing of the Peace Agreement has been invaluable. My parting message to him must be that we must fast-track implementation, and proceed according to the implementation matrix, as we are behind in so many areas. The RTGoNU, especially the President and Presidency, should set and drive the pace of implementation of the Agreement.
12. Secondly, I wish convey my sincere thanks to IGAD and H.E. Uhuru Kenyatta, the President of the Republic of Kenya for the faith they showed in appointing me to the position of Deputy Chairperson of JMEC, and later by IGAD as Interim Chairperson of RJMEC.
13. Thirdly, I feel indebted indeed to the Parties to the Agreement and all the members of the RJMEC brothers and sisters and all the beautiful people of South Sudan, who made my work and my time here so rewarding.
14. Fourthly, I want to take the opportunity to thank the international donors who continued to finance the operations and logistics of RJMEC and request them to continue to do so.
15. Finally, I cannot finish without extending my thanks to my great team at the RJMEC Secretariat, under the able leadership of the Chief of Staff, Ambassador Berhanu Kebede. We often describe the RJMEC Secretariat team as a family, and it has been my pleasure to have been the head of the family for the last two years.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
16. As I sign off I want to wish my successor, Major General Charles Tai Gituai, every success in his role as the Deputy Chairperson and Interim Chairperson of RJMEC. He has a capable team behind him, who will do their all and continue fulfilling the RJMEC mandate. I therefore appeal to all of you, especially those of you listed in Article 7.2 of the Agreement, to give General Gituai all the support that he requires to be effective in delivering the mandate of RJMEC and ultimately achieve the elusive peace and security for the people of South Sudan.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
17. IthasbeenmyhonourtoservethepeopleofSouthSudan.Maythe Almighty God bring sustainable peace to His people. God bless you all.
I thank you.
Honourable Ministers,
Excellencies;
Ladies and Gentlemen.
Good afternoon.
1. It is my pleasure to offer some closing remarks to this workshop. When the workshop began yesterday, we were under no illusions about its importance, and what it was supposed to achieve. I am pleased to say that we are satisfied that the objectives of the workshop have broadly been met, and that the Mechanisms have worked well to contribute to the workshop’s outcomes.
2. Now that each mechanism has its own updated plan of action setting out priorities, critical tasks, key milestonesandcost estimatesfor the duration of the extension, I cannot stress enough the importance of adhering to them. All of us know that time is against us, and this should keep us focused on achieving the tasks that have unfortunately held up the formation of the RTGoNU, on a solid foundation. Similarly, I would like to remind all of you of the need to fine tune your budgets and keep them realistic, and to implement activities according to principles of transparency and accountability as I urged yesterday in my opening address to the workshop. I also urge the Mechanisms at the same time to focus on the implementation of tasks that do not cost money.
3. I once again reiterate the importance of funding for the tasks identified by the Mechanisms. I continue to urge the Government to release the necessary funding so that the plans deliberated at this workshop can be put into action without any delay. Again I said yesterday, one day without funding is one day wasted, and surely the release of funds is a strong indicator of political will.
4. That said, I must welcome the outcomes of this workshop. The Coordination Mechanism you have developed sounds equal to the task. A weekly meeting of the Mechanisms, involving the senior leadership together with the NPTC, is very important. Also of importance is the weekly working coordination meetings planned jointly with the JDB. I also welcome the invitation that a member of RJMEC Secretariat and CTSAMVM attend these meetings. By the same token, I urge that the JDB plays a full role at its highest levels throughout the extension period. However, I must point out that coordination mechanisms such as these, are only as good as the effort you put into them to function and achieve what they are supposed to.
5. In closing, I urge all of you not to relent in your pursuit of achieving what is needed to form the RTGoNU on a solid foundation. The clock is ticking, and your work and commitment to the people of South Sudan is clear and much needed. I wish you luck as you proceed.
6. Finally, let me express my thanks and appreciation to the IGAD Special Envoy, the Co-Convenors of this workshop, the facilitators, the Mechanisms, and all who in one way or another participated.
Thank you.
− Your Excellency, Chairperson of the IGAD Council of Ministers,
− Your Excellency, IGAD Executive Secretary,
− Your Excellencies, Members of the Council,
− Your Excellency, IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan,
− Honourable Ministers,
− Your Excellencies,
− Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen.
1. Thank you for the invitation to address this consultative meeting of the Parties to the Revitalized Peace Agreement.
2. The convening of this meeting, against the backdrop of renewed commitment of the Parties in May 2019 to expedite implementation of Pre-Transitional tasks, is crucial for us to assess progress since then. It will also enable us to discuss practical remedial measures for expediting the implementation of pending tasks before the extended Pre-Transitional Period elapses.
3. My statement, therefore, focuses on an update of the activities of the Pre-Transitional Period of the Revitalized Peace Agreement, with particular emphasis on the transitional security arrangements and the question of the number of States of South Sudan. I will then make general observations on the main impediments to effective implementation of the pending tasks and conclude with specific recommendations.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
4. Since the Pre-Transitional Period was extended by six months in May, some progress has been made in the implementation of some provisions of the transitional security arrangements and attempts to resolve the issues of the number and boundaries of States in the Republic of South Sudan.
5. On transitional security arrangements, the National Constitutional Amendment Committee has completed the review of five security Bills as well as election related Bills. It also incorporated the six months’ extension of the Pre-Transitional Period into the Constitutional Amendment Bill 2019 and made significant progress in drafting of the Fire Brigade Service Bill 2019. The NCAC has just held experts consultative meeting on Public Finance Management laws.
6. All the completed Bills have been duly submitted to the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Affairs of the Incumbent TGoNU awaiting enactment by the Parliament. The NCAC has also made significant progress in the process of drafting the Fire Brigade Service Bill.
7. The Permanent Ceasefire has continued to hold, and this has resulted in an overall improvement in the general security situation that we witness today across the country. I commend all the Parties for observing the Permanent Ceasefire. The security situation has contributed to improved access to humanitarian activities, including decisions by some refugees and IDPs to spontaneously return to their areas. I, however, regret to report sporadic incidents of fighting between NAS forces allied to Gen. Thomas Cirillo and the SSPDF that occurred in Yei area in June 2019.
8. Civilian centres occupied by some armed forces are gradually being vacated. I am encouraged by reports that the SPLA – IO vacated all the civilian centres they had initially occupied. The SSPDF, on the other hand, is yet to vacate all the civilian centres its forces have been occupying. I reiterate my appeal to all the concerned commanders to immediately and completely demilitarize all the civilian centres. I also appeal to all forces to desist from any temptation of reoccupying any civilian property.
9. The National Pre-Transitional Committee has to date made two disbursements to the Joint Defense Board totalling USD 6.5 million to facilitate the implementation of the transitional security arrangements. The NPTC disbursed USD 2 million in April and an additional USD 4.5 million in July 2019. In addition, the NPTC allocated USD 2 million to procure food supplies for cantonment.
10. In terms of suitability of the cantonment sites and barracks, CTSAMVM verified 23 cantonment sites and 10 barracks as suitable for cantonment and barracking of forces. The Joint Transitional Security Committee (JTSC) also identified 18 training centers for the 83, 000 Necessary Unified Forces.
11. Regrettably however, none of the designated sites is operational, and not a single former combatant has been registered. This has also meant that the training of forces has yet to begin. Logistical constraints remain a huge hurdle to overcome. These challenges notwithstanding, I am encouraged by the report of initial food supplies for cantonment and barracks being delivered by the JDB to some of the cantonment sites. However, these supplies are not enough as they will soon run out unless there is a steady and predictable supply of necessary commodities.
12. I welcome the interest exhibited by the region and AU C5 towards support for operationalization of cantonment, including pledges for in-kind support to make that happen. I understand the list of the required items for cantonment were availed to them. I, therefore, appeal to them to expedite the fulfilment of those pledges.
13. Linked to the success of cantonment is expeditious reconstitution of the DDR Commission, a task which is overdue. The Commission is critical to address the needs of former combatants who shall not qualify for selection or training with the Necessary Unified Forces and who will require a dignified reintegration into civilian life.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen
14. On the question of the number of States of South Sudan, the Technical Boundaries Committee (TBC) and Independent Boundaries Commission (IBC) concluded their work in March and June respectively. On 17 June 2019, the IBC issued “A Report of the Work and Activities of the IBC for the Republic of South Sudan” and submitted its findings to the IGAD Executive Secretariat. The report was subsequently submitted to the Parties to the Agreement last week.
15. Despite the IBC’s concerted efforts, it was unable to conclusively make a determination on the number of States of the Republic of South Sudan, their boundaries, the composition and restructuring of the Council of States, as per the Agreement. Nonetheless, the IBC referred the matter to IGAD for a political solution.
16. This is now an urgent matter to be concluded by the Parties before the formation of the RTGoNU.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
17. Despite the above progress, there are Pre-Transitional tasks which remain unaccomplished. These include: fulfilment of the funding pledge made by the I-TGoNU in May 2019; operationalization of cantonment; reconstitution of the DDR Commission; persuading the South Sudanese non-signatories to the Agreement to join in its implementation; regular face-to-face meetings of Dr Riek Machar and President Salva Kiir; making a determination of the number and boundaries of States of the Republic of South Sudan; fulfilment of the pledges by the region and AU C5 for in-kind support for cantonment; and, the appointment of a substantive RJMEC Chairperson.
18. In my opinion, the impediments which have affected the implementation of the Pre-Transitional tasks include, limited funding; late disbursement of funds; lack of disbursement of budgeted funds; leaders’ insufficient commitment and prioritization of tasks and delay in fulfilment of pledges for in-kind support.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
19. In view of the critical need to expedite the outstanding Pre-Transitional tasks, I wish to conclude with the following recommendations to the Parties, region and the International Community:
To the Parties:
a. consider reaching a consensus on the outstanding issue of the number of States of South Sudan before the Pre-Transitional Period elapses as the matter has implication on the composition and reconstitution of the Council of States;
b. expedite the process of troop movements to cantonment sites and barracks, selection and immediate training of the Necessary Unified Forces. Accordingly, the Parties should give direction and timelines on operationalization of several cantonment sites across the country and in respective States as a start and within the remaining Pre-Transitional Period;
c. give direction and timelines on commencement of training centers across the country and in the respective regions, including training of officers identified for VIP protection;
d. forces still occupying civilian centres to vacate them immediately and avoid new occupation of civilian property;
e. expedite the reconstitution of the DDR Commission and make it responsive to the needs of those who shall not qualify for selection into the Necessary Unified Forces. Accordingly, the I-TGoNU should expedite the nomination of its members to the DDR Commission;
f. to enable the Regional Protection Force (RPF) to be more responsive to the needs of the Parties. In that regard, the Parties should consider reaching consensus on the role the RPF can render to them in support of the peace process. In addition, the Parties should recommend appropriate steps to be taken by the leadership of IGAD with the AU PSC for the urgent attention of the UN Secretary-General. Such a request should consider a recommendation for the amendment of the mandate of the RPF in order to be more responsive to the needs of all the Parties to the R-ARCSS;
g. the NPTC should organize more joint confidence building measures among the Parties as well as joint dissemination of the R-ARCSS to enhance better understanding, ownership, healing and reconciliation in the country; and
h. the Government to fulfil its pledge of funding of the implementation of the R-ARCSS in a timely and predictable manner.
To IGAD and the region:
a. the time has come for the region to scale up its engagement in South Sudan. This therefore calls for the leadership of the region to show more stewardship in this regard and to enhance its diplomatic engagements with the international community and to persuade them to continue enhancing their support as well as funding of implementation of the R-ARCSS;
b. consider convening an Ordinary Summit of the Council and Heads of State and Government to resolve various pending issues on the South Sudan peace process, including the final determination of the status of Dr. Riek Machar and appointment of a substantive RJMEC Chairperson;
c. follow-though on all the Council’s commitments, including facilitating regular face-to-face meetings of the top leadership of the Parties to assess the progress of implementation of the R-ARCSS;
d. enhance the Council’s engagements with the non-adherents to the R-ARCSS to persuade them to join in its implementation; and
e. consider engaging the Africa Union Peace and Security Council (AU PSC), United Nations Secretary-General and the Permanent Members of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) to consider reviewing the role of the Regional Protection Force (RPF) to enable it to become more responsive to the context and needs of the Parties to the R-ARCSS.
To the international community:
a. consider speaking with one voice on the South Sudan peace process, and continue to work closely with the region, AU and UN on the same; and
b. consider funding the implementation of the R-ARCSS, including supporting the cantonment process and demobilized former combatants’ holistic reintegration programmes.
20. In conclusion, it is my view that it is possible to make credible and substantive progress towards fulfilling the critical Pre-Transitional tasks in the remaining time period, if the necessary resources are immediately released for the cantonment, selection, training and redeployment of the Necessary Unified Forces and the Parties take a political decision on the number of states, and their boundaries.
I thank you.
- Your Excellency, Hirut Zemene, State Minister, Foreign Affairs, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
- Your Excellencies, IGAD Member State Representatives
- Your Excellency, IGAD Special Envoy for South Sudan
- Heads of Delegation of the Parties to the Revitalized Peace Agreement
- Hon. Ministers
- Your Excellencies
- Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,
1. I have the honour to address all of you today.
2. As you know, we are left with only 10 days to the end of the Pre-Transitional Period as provided for in the Revitalized Peace Agreement.
3. I thank His Excellency Dr. Ismail Wais for convening this meeting of the Parties on the status of implementation of the Peace Agreement and the way forward. We at RJMEC have conducted our evaluation and made the findings public.
4. Our assessment is that in spite of the progress made in the establishment of key Agreement institutions and mechanisms, overall the implementation of the Pre-transitional tasks has fallen short of expectations. Critical tasks remain pending.
5. Accordingly, I recommended to the leadership of the Parties to take an honest review of our assessment and to agree on the best course of action going forward. I also recommended to the IGAD leadership to be seized of this matter.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
6. Permit me to highlight the tasks of the Pre-Transitional Period which have been implemented, those which are ongoing and the most critical tasks pending.
7. In RJMEC’s assessment, 59 key tasks were required to be implemented prior to the commencement of the Transitional Period. To-date, 27 out of the 59 have been completed, 17 are ongoing and 15 are pending. Unfortunately, the pending tasks are the most critical and consequential to the implementation of the Agreement.
8. For the purpose of this meeting, allow me to focus more on the ongoing and pending tasks of the Pre-Transitional Period.
9. Under Chapter I, implementation of the following key activities is either ongoing or incomplete:
a. determination of the number and boundaries of states and the composition and restructuring of the Council of States by the Independent Boundaries Commission;
b. ratification of the Constitutional Amendment Bill (2019) by the TNLA and its promulgation into the Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan;
c. review and amendment of relevant security and governance related laws. The NCAC completed the reviews and handed over the Amendment Bills to the line Ministry to table before the Cabinet and forward to the TNLA; and
d. the Parties to the Agreement are yet to agree on the allocation of ministerial portfolios.
10. Under Chapter II, the Permanent Ceasefire and Transitional Security Arrangements, tasks yet to be conclusively implemented are as follows:
a. refraining from acts of sexual and gender-based violence by the Parties;
b. cantonment, disarmament, screening, demobilization, selection, unification and training of forces;
c. demilitarization of civilian centers;
d. reconstitution of sub-structures of the JMCC, namely; the Area Joint Military Ceasefire Committees and the Joint Military Ceasefire Teams;
e. reconstitution of the DDR Commission; and
f. the strategic defence and security review (SDSR) process.
11. Similarly, under Chapter III on humanitarian affairs and reconstruction, the mechanism for the registration and documentation of refugees and IDPs is still in the process of development.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,
12. In spite of the moderate progress made in the implementation of the Pre-Transitional tasks, several challenges have continued to undermine the functionality of Agreement institutions and mechanisms. Namely, delayed establishment of some institutions and mechanisms, financial constraints, capacity gaps and lack of coordination.
13. My greatest concern is the delayed operationalization of the cantonment sites, despite my repeated appeal to the Parties to expedite this process. To my knowledge, as I speak, there is not a single cantonment site that is operational.
14. Your deliberations today and tomorrow must arrive at concrete steps to address the identified challenges.
15. The outcomes of this meeting will be critical in informing my recommendation to the IGAD leadership, galvanizing public trust in the peace process and will demonstrate your commitment to implement the Peace Agreement. I appeal to all of you to maintain the spirit of trust and confidence that you have nurtured together over the past months.
16. I wish you fruitful deliberations.
I thank you.
OPENING REMARKS
BY
H.E. LT. GEN. AUGOSTINO S.K. NJOROGE
INTERIM CHAIRPERSON
OF THERECONSTITUTED JOINT
MONITORING & EVALUATION COMMISSION
TO THE
FIRST EXTRAORDINARY RJMEC MEETING
Tuesday, 19 February 2019
JUBA, SOUTH SUDAN
Honourable Ministers,
Excellencies,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good morning,
1. I would like to start by welcoming all of you to this first Extraordinary meeting of the RJMEC.
2. My opening remarks this morning will be brief, and will set out how this meeting came to be convened, what its objectives are, and my expectations in that regard.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen;
3. In the last meeting, I was requested to convene this meeting in view of “the serious financial constraints and other challenges impacting on the smooth implementation of the tasks and activities of the various agreement institutions and mechanisms, to discuss practical ways forward.”
4. There are two main issues to discuss today: funding and security arrangements. In particular, plans and progress regarding cantonment, training, and the unification of forces. In addition, how to expedite the reconstitution of the DDR Commission.
5. Firstly, funding. Over the course of the last few meetings, and in other consultations I have held with the various Agreement institutions and mechanisms, the issue of funding has loomed large in the discussions.
6. Secondly, security arrangements. We are all aware that security is an essential component of the Pre-Transitional period, and therefore understanding the progress of cantonment in particular would be beneficial to all. Are the sites fully designated? What resources are needed for cantonment’s successful and timely completion?
7. Our objective today, therefore, is to bring out into the open the discussions needed to push these questions more substantively towards being answered. Thus, I am very interested to hear what the NPTC and JDB tell us about the answers to some of these questions.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen;
8. We at RJMEC have long been clear on funding. Our position is that the NPTC and the incumbent TGoNU should take the lead in mobilizing all requisite resources for implementation, establish effective mechanisms for disbursing funds, and support the other mechanisms of the Agreement to carry out their tasks. In this regard, RJMEC continues in its appeal to the partners and friends of South Sudan to support the implementation of the Agreement.
9. However, the more implementation of the peace agreement is owned by the people and government of South Sudan, the greater the chances of its success.
10. I have been equally clear about security arrangements. Ensuring that all the security institutions and mechanisms function in harmony is of critical importance, not least because of the imminent need to unify the forces.
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen;
11. I have several expectations for today’s meeting. I expect that the NPTC will set out clearly and concisely what its plans and budget are for the Pre-Transitional Period. I also expect that the JDB will present its strategy and plans for cantonment, training and unification of forces.
12. Finally, I expect that we will have honest and frank conversations in order to address the identified challenges.
Thank you.
The following was delivered by JMEC Acting Chairperson Ambassador Lt. Gen. Augostino Njoroge on 7 November 2018 at a breakfast meeting of the South Sudan Center for Strategic and Policy Studies. The event was arranged to examine the issue of confidence-building and laying the foundations for sustainable peace in South Sudan.
Opening
Since its inception in 2015, JMEC’s role has consisted of monitoring, evaluating, and reporting on the status of implementation of the peace agreement. However, our continuous oversight of the implementation of the agreement and the special deliberations of the six working committees of JMEC, made it clear that there were serious lacunae in the implementation of the agreement.
This is why the then-JMEC Chairperson H.E. Festus Mogae recommended the revitalization of the peace agreement. Accordingly, through exhaustive mapping of the stakeholders and understanding of the failures of 2015, JMEC was able to substantively contribute to the development of the 2018 revitalized agreement which was signed by the parties in September 2018.
JMEC’s opinion is that currently, the political environment has improved to the extent that the revitalized agreement can be implemented in a way which was not possible for the 2015 peace agreement. The commitment of the government and the Parties is stronger now. However, it still requires an ongoing process of confidence- and trust-building measures on the part of all Parties, and also the regional and international stakeholders.
Following are the key points or opportunities that JMEC has identified and recommends.
At the level of South Sudan
1. In addition to the President of South Sudan’s confidence building measures already undertaken, the President as a national leader should continue to constructively engage all stakeholders and Parties to the agreement to ensure that each party fulfils what it agreed to do in signing the revitalized agreement.
2. Together and in a spirit of unity, the President and the leaders of the Opposition should travel throughout the country and advocate for peace and reconciliation to the people of South Sudan.
3. The value of traditional leaders and chiefs must be recognized and factored in to the implementation process through various confidence-building mechanisms.
4. The existing National Dialogue can be instrumental to the implementation process, but it should be genuine and inclusive to serve as a building block in the pursuit of trust building.
5. Traditional South Sudanese conflict resolution mechanisms and inter-tribal dialogue practices should be used to deepen understanding and contribute to the full implementation of the agreement. Academia, researchers and other experienced practitioners should be involved to provide recommendations and examples of best practice.
6. The Parties should collectively show the determination and necessary political will to take action against spoilers from whatever angle they come. There should be alignment of message and action of the Parties to counter forces that seek to disrupt or delay implementation.
7. The Parties should ensure that all the remaining political detainees and prisoners of war are released, and those with criminal cases are given transparent and timely due process.
8. For confidence building purposes, we recommend to officially announce the lifting of state of emergency, to ensure that the political space needed for exercising the individual’s democratic rights and freedom of speech are in place, and the role of a responsible media is duly recognised.
9. The Parties should examine the mistakes of the recent past, draw lessons, and develop early-warning mechanisms to avoid the triggers that lead to the conflict of July 2016.
10. The Church and faith-based leaders, eminent personalities, and civil society, women’s and youth groups, should be given a prominent role in national reconciliation and the confidence-building effort.
11. Lessons on national reconciliation and healing should be drawn from elsewhere on the continent and applied to the South Sudanese context.
At the regional and international level:
12. Regional and international guarantors should give their full support to the implementation of the agreement, including to the agreement institutions, through appropriate political and economic support.
All these measures, if properly implemented will create a conducive political, social, and economic environment for the people of South Sudan, especially refugees and internally displaced, to enjoy the dividends of peace.